ti 


MISSIONS  A NATURAL  GROWTH  FROM  CHRISTIANITY. 


A SERMON 


DELIVEOEO  BEFOEE  THE 


FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY 


or 


NEW-YORK  AND  BROOKLYN, 


APRIL  Gth.  I860. 


REV.  WILLIAM  HOGARTH, 

PASTOB  OP  TOE  FIEST  PRESBYTERIAN  CnCRCII,  BROOKLYN. 


bs  tt)t  ^Qcittn. 


N E W - Y O R K : 

ALMON  MERTVIN,  BIBLE  HOUSE,  ASTOR  PLACE. 

1 8 5 6. 

J.  A.  Gray’s  Fire-Proof  Printing  Office,  16  and  18  Jacob  Street,  New-York. 


MISSIONS  A SATUIiAl  CCOWTll  FROM  CURISTIAJUTY. 


A S E R U 0 N 

DEMVEREl)  BEFXJllE  THE 

FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY 


NEAV-YORK  AXD  BROOKLYN, 


APRIL  6th,  1856. 


BT 

REV.  WILLIAM  HOGARTH, 

PASTOE  OP  THE  FIEST  PKESBTTEEIAS  CIItTBCU,  BBOOKLTX. 


I)D  ,3ocitts. 


N E W - Y O R K ; 

ALMON  ilERWIN,  BIBLE  HOUSE,  ASTOR  PLACE. 

1 8 5 6. 


JOHN'  A.  GRAY,  PRINTER 
IG  & 18  Jacob  Street. 


S E R M O N 


Mark  16 : 15. 

“ Go  ye  into  all  the  ■world,  and  preach  the  Gospel  to  cveiy  creature.” 

The  words  of  Jesus  are  always  eminently  fitting  to 
the  occasion  which  calls  them  forth.  lie  was  equal  to 
any  time.  A careful  perusal  of  all  He  said  leaves  the 
conviction  that  he  uttered  the  hest  things,  and  in  the 
most  natural  manner.  In  all  the  gospels  there  is  nothing 
of  the  style  which  the  schools  dignify  by  the  name  of 
eloquence.  Meeting  with  various  classes  of  men,  bred  to 
differing  modes  of  life,  and  occupying  the  various  social 
positions,  Christ  always  adapted  his  intercourse  to  their 
wants.  And  when  he  spoke  to  an  assemblage,  there 
was  in  his  address  a straightforward  pertinency  which 
laid  its  grasp  on  their  hearts,  and  made  them  feel  that 
a Master  was  dealing  with  its  inborn  subtleties,  and  its 
urgent  needs.  In  no  one  instance  is  this  fitness  more 
obvious  than  in  the  last  interview  with  the  disciples  re- 
corded by  John.  He  was  about  to  leave  them.  He 
knew  the  sacrifices  which  they  had  made  in  following 
him  ; sacrifices  of  business,  of  national  pride,  of  pre- 


4 


judice  in  favor  of  tlieir  ancestral  faith,  a faith  which  had 
l)een  rendered  illustrious  by  the  sjdendor  of  the  ancient 
temple,  and  endorsed  by  the  shekinah.  He  knew  to 
what  trials  and  toils  they  were  called — trials  and  toils 
from  which  no  reprieve  on  earth  would  be  granted.  He 
knew  they  would  need  a stimulus  and  ministry  of 
strength,  a high  and  commanding  motive  for  deeds  of 
chivalric  daring,  and  for  the  heroic  endurance  of  priva- 
tion. With  a gentleness  and  naturalness  all  his  own, 
he  supplied  that  stimulus  and  presented  the  motive  in 
the  Scripture  to  which  we  have  referred.  How  fitting 
those  words  are  to  sustain  the  soul  may  be  learned  from 
the  whole  history  of  His  suffering  saints  into  whose 
hearts  they  have  gone  with  the  liglit  and  fragrance  of 
heaven. 

At  the  time  He  uttered  the  text,  his  work  on  earth 
was  accomplished.  He  had  inaugurated  a new  dis- 
pensation ; he  had  fulfilled  the  import  of  the  ancient 
sacrifices  and  prophecy  “ by  the  oftering  of  himself  once 
for  all.”  He  had  opened  the  way  to  life.  His  work  of 
mercy  was  as  broad  as  the  ruin  of  the  apostasy.  He 
had  chosen  its  messengers.  And  what  could  be  more 
natural  than  to  giv'e  to  them  a commission  bearing  a 
just  ratio  to  the  extent  of  the  work  which  he  had 
wrought  ? Hence,  He  says  : “ Preach  the  Gospel  to 
every  creature.”  Could  he  have  said  any  other  thing 
so  fitting  ? Would  any  other  word  have  been  so  ap- 
proj)riate  to  him,  to  the  sacrifice  for  the  sake  of  Aviiich 
sin  is  pardoned,  to  the  duty  of  the  discijfies  and  to  tlie 
world  ? Let  us,  then,  occuj)y  some  moments  Avitli  this 
tlieme,  namely : 


5 


The  3IISSI0NARY  WORK  A NATURAL  EVOLUTION  OF  ClIIIIST- 
lANiTY.  By  the  missionary  work  is  meant  an  obedience 
to  tbe  letter  of  the  text.  It  is  to  give  the  Gospel  to  all 
who  are  destitute  of  it  — through  any  channels  by 
which  men  may  be  reached.  It  is  not  the  attempt  to 
introduce  the  elements  of  civilization,  literature,  art,  and 
commerce  among  a people.  These  may  follow  in  the 
wake  of  a missionary  enterprise,  may  attend  it,  or  pre- 
cede it.  It  may  be  important  that  a missionary  should 
have  an  eye  to  these  sources  of  power,  and  lines  of  in- 
fluence, and  skillfully  employ  them  in  subordination  to 
his  grand  aim.  But  a missionary  work,  in  the  biblical 
sense  of  it,  and  in  the  view'  of  apostolic  example,  looks 
l)eyond  the  culture  of  man’s  material  and  social  condition 
to  the  renewabof  his  heart  into  the  divine  image  by  means 
of  the  word  of  life.  This  statement  ventures  no  opinion 
as  to  the  methods  of  doing  the  work  ; it  affirms  the  end 
to  be  regarded,  and  no  more.  It  does  not  undertake  to 
name  a theory  of  conducting  the  labor,  but  declares 
what  the  aim  of  the  labor  must  be  in  order  to  stamp  it 
a missionary  work.  The  Gospel  must  be  preached  to 
man.  Tim  is  the  natural  out-growth  of  Christianity. 

I.  The  Old  Testament  economy  vms  a limited  one.  It 
had  origin  in  the  promises  made  to  Abraham — pro- 
mises of  a national  and  relis^ious  srreatness.  It  was  con- 
fined  to  one  people.  Others  were  admitted  to  some  of 
its  privileges,  when  they  sought  those  privileges.  But 
the  Jewish  institutes  did  not  embody  the  command  to 
instruct  and  disciple  other  nations.  On  the  contrary, 
they  erected  a barrier  between  Jews  and  Gentiles,  and 
aimed  to  preserve  a broad  line  of  demarcation  ; not  so 


6 


much  that  others  might  remain  untaught,  as  that  the 
Jews  might  be  preserved  from  the  corruptions  of  other 
nations.  Their  geographical  position,  their  employ- 
ments, their  social  habits,  also,  contributed  to  make 
them  a separate  peojde.  This  was  evidently  the  design 
of  Providence,  until  the  fullness  of  His  plans  of  mercy 
should  open  to  the  world  in  the  incarnation  and  death  of 
his  Son. 

The  method  in  which  that  economy  enlarged  upon 
itself  was  at  least  an  intimation  that  it  must,  in  the  end, 
give  way  to  one  more  ample  and  expressive  of  the 
munificence  of  the  Divine  compassion.  In  the  first  in- 
stance the  most  indistinct  promises  were  made,  the  most 
elementary  principles  were  taught,  the  simplest  forms 
of  worship  were  established.  These  in  time,  yielded  to 
a more  gorgeous  yet  burdensome  ritual.  The  splendor 
of  the  temple  succeeded  the  less  ostentatious  tabernacle. 
In  prophecy,  broader  views,  vaster  plans,  and  better 
principles  were  dimly  yet  actually  expressed.  The 
clouds  which  curtained  the  august  future  began  to  rise 
from  the  horizon,  and  scattered  rays  from  the  source  of 
light  streamed  over  the  earth  like  the  morning  dawn. 
lie  came  who  was  very  sacrifice.  Jerusalem  is  no  more 
the  holy  city.  In  what  lowly  hamlet,  in  what  pala- 
tial home,  in  what  forest  solitude,  in  what  tongue  soever 
prayer  is  offered  “ in  spirit  and  in  truth,”  that  place  is 
holy.  The  heart  of  any  meek,  believing  man  is  hence- 
forth the  altar  on  which  offerings  are  laid — from  which 
ascends  the  incense  of  gratitude  and  praise.  “ The 
middle  wall  of  partition  is  broken  down.”  Tlie  dis- 
])easation  has  at  once  opened  into  a more  simjfie  mode 


7 


of  worship,  and  overgone  the  national  barriers.  Tlie 
spirit  of  tlie  old  economy  has  been  released  from  its 
bondage  of  ceremony,  and  goes  forth  in  the  freedom 
(if  its  manhood. 

This  growth  of  the  plans  of  God,  this  successive  de- 
velopment of  truth,  intimates,  if  no  more,  the  possibility 
of  an  inherent  purpose  of  love  as  wide  as  the  dominion  of 
sin.  It  is  presumptive  that  such  an  economy  will  fur- 
nish reasons,  and  find  means  for  its  universal  extension  ; 
that  it  will  inspire  those  who  come  within  the  spell  of 
its  power  by  a spirit  of  emprise  as  ample  as  its  provi- 
sions of  mercy.  It  is  probable  that  such  an  economy 
lias,  in  own  vitality,  the  elements  of  its  own  diffusion ; 
and  no  inference  could  be  more  natural  than  this  from 
the  history  of  God’s  dealings  with  man. 

II,  The  character  of  the  Founder  of  Christianity  was 
such  as  to  induce  the  belief  of  His  boundless  love  for 
man.  His  character  is  obvious  from  the  record  of  his 
life,  and  from  his  acts.  Those  who  were  familiar  with 
him  during  the  period  of  his  public  ministry,  and  whom 
every  earthly  motive  tempted  to  forsake  him ; who  saw 
him  in  the  privacy  of  social  intercourse,  and  had 
chances  to  study  his  motives  from  the  stand-point 
which  such  intimacy  gives ; and  who  knew  his  public 
history,  they  have  left  but  one  verdict.  The  voice  they 
utter  is  unanimous.  They  call  Him  “the  Lamb  of  God,” 
“ without  spot  or  blemish.”  They  give  testimony  to  his 
love,  which  did  not  shrink  from  death.  All  the  single 
incidents  which  they  have  recorded  of  his  miracles  of 
healing,  of  his  condescension  in  teaching,  of  his  forbear- 


8 


auce  with  the  blind  and  bitter  prejudices  of  his  own 
people,  of  his  rare  gentleness  and  meekness,  are  so 
many  proofs  of  a noble  beneficence,  seeking  the  good  of 
all  who  have  suffered.  His  love  is  the  distinct  charac- 
teristic of  his  history.  It  knew  no  limit  but  the  cure 
of  evil.  He  came  “to  seek  and  to  save  that  which  was 
lost.”  "When  opportunities  opened  which  might  appeal 
to  the  ambition  of  men,  they  did  not  tempt  him.  They 
had  no  sympathy  with  his  mission.  With  the  keen 
glance  of  his  eye  he  saw  the  mischief  sin  had  wrought, 
and  with  voluntary  benevolence,  he  cried : “ Lo  I come ; 
in  the  volume  of  thy  book  it  is  written  of  me  “A  body 
liast  thou  prepared  me.”  He  was  sent  to  the  “ lost 
sheep  of  the  house  of  Israel.”  To  them  he  dispatched 
his  discij)les  in  the  first  instance.  Afterwards  their 
commission  was  extended,  for  his  love  sought  the  race. 

If  you  would  read  the  gospels,  and  from  these  gather 
your  impressions  of  the  character  of  Jesus,  of  the  fullness 
and  breadth  and  power  of  his  mercy,  would  it  not  sur- 
prise you  if,  on  “the  great  day  of  the  feast,”  he  had 
said : “ If  any  Jew  thirst  let  him  come  unto  me  and 
drink”  ? Could  any  such  invitation  have  been  harmon- 
ized with  your  inferences  from  his  history  ? Would 
not  the  incongruity  be  painful  and  repellant  ? Lea\nng 
out  of  our  count  the  question  of  his  divinity,  there  is 
yet  such  a halo  of  glory  on  his  character,  such  a fra- 
grance of  affection  in  his  words  and  life,  such  purity 
and  unstudied  nature,  we  can  only  affirm  that  if  in  his 
hands  there  was  a blessing,  it  was  free  for  all,  to  the 
measure  of  his  capacity.  There  is  in  data  no  basis  for 
a conclusion  if  this  be  not  true.  The  radiant  mercy  of 


9 


liis  character,  which  shone  in  each  act  of  his  eventful 
life,  pre])ares  ns  to  hear  liim  say  : “ Go  ye  into  all  the 
world  and  preach  the  Gospel  to  every  creature.” 

III.  The  ex])ress  instructions  of  the  BWle  are  to  the 
same  point.  The  text  is  conclusive.  It  is  only  neces- 
sary to  supplement  this,  hy  saying  there  is  not  a truth 
in  the  Bible  Avhich  Avculd  not  increase  the  sum  of  human 
knoAvledge,  and  the  amount  of  human  happiness.  There 
is  not  a sentiment  expressed  which  can  debase  the  mind, 
or  deprave  the  morals,  or  disturb  the  peace  of  society. 
There  is  not  a principle  taught  which  does  not  at  once 
illumine  the  present  and  the  future  Avith  the  light  of 
heaven.  These  truths  and  principles  are  exactly  adajAted 
to  meet  all  human  needs.  Directly  they  meet  the 
great  spiritual  needs  which,  from  the  depths  of  con- 
sciousness, cry  for  help.  /7ulirectly,  they  supply  every 
other  demand  by  giving  right  aims  to  the  soul,  and 
risrht  habits  in  the  life.  To  a thoughtful  mind  these 
adaptations  are  so  patent  and  earnest  as  to  indicate  their 
Dmne  source  ; and  so  imperative  as  to  command  with 
the  inherent  authority  of  truth  that  they  be  gratified  in 
their  achievement  of  man’s  best  good.  I can  not  say  as 
a reforming  skepticism  has  said,  “ that  a true  expediencA" 
is  as  binding  as  a posith^e  revelation.”  But  I may  be 
permitted  to  say  that  a system  of  truth  dmnely  given, 
and  precisely  adjusted  to  the  necessity  of  the  suffering 
and  guilty,  and  bearing  on  each  sentence  the  testimonial 
of  its  specific  worth  for  such,  and  finding  an  echo  in  the 
universal  heart,  that  such  a system,  in  its  very  nature, 
commands  a Amice  to  proclaim  it,  and  is  not  impudent 


10 


in  its  demands.  We  are  prepared  to  liear  it  say, 
“ Preach  the  Gospel  to  every  creature.”  “ What  I tell 
you  in  darkness,  that  speak  ye  in  light : and  what  ye 
liear  in  the  ear,  that  preach  ye  on  the  house-tops.”  In 
every  age,  the  Church  has  given  to  this  and  to  similar 
language  a uniform  interpretation.  It  has  been  ac- 
cepted as  the  Divine  authority  for  missionary  work. 

IV.  The  principles  of  the  Gospel  lead  to  the  same  result. 
Idle  Gospel  holds  two  relations,  namely,  to  its  Author, 
whom  it  must  truly  represent,  and  to  mankind,  whom  it 
seeks  to  bless.  To  the  first  it  is  an  effect,  growing  from 
His  mind  and  affections.  To  the  second,  it  is  a cause, 
embodying  forces  equal  to  the  most  stupendous  issues. 
In  this  latter  relation  it  enunciates  principles  which 
buttress  the  throne  of  the  Highest,  and  it  gives  a 
record  of  facts  illustrating  the  principles.  The  princi- 
l)les  “ crop  out”  through  the  history,  giving  it  life  and 
suggesting  the  source  of  the  facts.  It  would  lead  me 
too  far  from  my  present  purpose  if  I should  aim  to 
state  all  the  first  truths  of  the  Gospel.  Here  I seek 
to  present  only  those  which  bear  on  the  topic  we  are 
discussing. 

The  Gospel  first  aims  to  restore  in  man  the  likeness 
of  God,  to  re-produce  in  their  pristine  glory  those  ele- 
ments of  character  which  were  lost  by  the  fiill.  It 
deals  with  the  soul,  as  that  is  the  source  of  character, 
and  of  all  right  activity.  The  conventional  moralities 
which  good  society  demands,  are  immeasurably  below 
the  work  which  the  word  of  life  seeks  to  accomplish. 
In  his  thought,  in  his  affections,  in  his  impulses,  man 


11 


must  take  tlie  key-note  from  the  revealed  character  of 
God.  lie  is  not  commanded  to  tally  ■w  ith  the  best 
ethical  system,  to  be  even  with  the  purest  philosophies, 
to  harmonize  with,  the  noblest  philanthropies,  to  be 
gentle  as  the  most  humane  sympathies.  “ Be  ye  holy  ; 
for  I am  holy.”  He  is  not  called  to  indorse  a creed, 
l)ut  to  imitate  an  example,  not  alone  to  connect  himself 
with  a church,  but  to  unite  himself  to  Christ  as  the 
branch  is  united  to  the  vine.  This  likeness  to  God  the 
Father,  in  the  moral  nature  of  man,  is  the  first  great 
purpose  of  the  Gospel. 

It  then  commands  a fervent  obedience  to  the  Divine 
authority.  So  strongly  is  this  urged,  that  we  are  com- 
pelled to  doubt  a concrete  religion  -which  evades  all 
possible  responsibility.  “Ye  are  my  friends,  if  ye  do 
whatsoever  I command  you.”  If  they  refuse  to  do, 
what  then  ? It  is  vain  to  profess  a regard  for  the  Gos- 
pel, for  its  purities  and  peace,  to  dabble  in  sentimental- 
isms and  humanities,  and  the  religion  which  is  en- 
grafted on  the  mere  poetry  of  nature,  and  hesitate  to 
look  in  the  face  the  stern,  old  authority  of  truth,  such 
truth  as  God  has  spoken.  It  is  the  very  kernel  of 
Christianity  to  take  the  dicta  of  the  Divine  mind  as 
the  law  of  life.  They  may  be  accepted  with  a reason 
and  not  blindly,  with  a loving  spirit  and  not  compul- 
sorily, with  a joyous  heart,  not  sadly ; but  they  must 
be  accepted.  In  man,  they  must  be  the  transforming 
power,  and  for  man  the  last  standard  of  appeal.  As- 
similation to  the  di-vine  character,  and  a resultant  obe- 
dience, these  are  first  principles  in  the  Gospel.  Not  a 


12 


step  can  be  taken  in  the  Christian  life  unless  they  are 
recognized  as  the  starting-point. 

Once  more,  the  Gospel  teaches  the  doctrine  of  a bro- 
therhood in  man.  This  it  does  historically,  by  tracing 
the  race  to  a common  ancestry.  It  does  it  doctrinally, 
by  declaring  their  common  inheritance  in  the  misery  of 
the  fall.  It  does  it  divinely,  by  referring  every  man  to 
one  Saviour  who  never  varies  the  conditions  of  salva- 
tion. It  does  this  by  the  command  : “Thou  shalt  love 
thy  neighbor  as  thyself.”  I think  there  is  no  truth  in 
the  word  of  God  more  distantly  removed  from  an  ab- 
straction than  this.  It  has  been  perverted,  indeed,  to 
the  patronage  of  every  form  of  social  revolution  and 
agrarianism ; it  has  been  made  to  preach  a levelling  rad- 
icalism, and  in  some  cases  to  bring  on  a collision  of  dif- 
ferent classes.  This  we  both  confess  and  deplore.  But 
it  is  a first  truth,  and  to  be  held  all  the  more  firmly,  as 
it  is  imperiled  by  men  who  abuse  it  for  purposes  sinister 
and  vicious. 

These  are  the  things  wliich  we  have  said.  Man  must 
resemble  God.  He  is  benevolent  to  all;  has  made  pro- 
vision for  the  salvation  of  all,  and  sent  liis  message  of 
love  to  all.  A Christian  must  be  the  same,  must  do  the 
same.  This  the  Lord  has  commanded.  The  Christian 
must  obey  the  command.  Each  human  being,  how  de- 
graded soever,  is  his  brother.  By  all  the  claims  which 
such  a kindred  can  make,  must  that  brother  be  aided  in 
his  wants,  be  shielded  in  his  sorrows,  be  strengthened 
in  his  weakness,  be  taught  in  his  ignorance,  and  be  led 
with  the  loving  gentleness  of  the  Gosjiel  to  the  Saviour 


13 


wliom  it  reveals.  If  this  missiouary  work  does  not  grow 
from  the  very  principles  of  the  Gospel,  it  might  as  well 
be  dumb.  If  it  does  not  bear  this  fruit,  it  has  no  claim 
on  us, 

V.  The  history  of  Christianity  sustains  our  view. 
The  history  interprets  its  spirit.  It  is  not  possible  that 
good  men  who  have  studied  its  precepts  through  eigh- 
teen centuries,  Avho  have  prayed  for  wisdom,  should  en- 
tirely mistake  its  meaning.  True,  they  have  not  ex- 
hausted its  meaning : but  it  can  not  be  that  the  very 
spirit  of  the  economy  has  eluded  their  search.  Least  of 
all  could  this  be  true,  when  conformity  with  its  spirit 
summoned  them  to  a life  of  self-denial  and  rare  endur- 
ance. If  they  had  been  called  to  a life  of  pleasure  and 
indolence ; if  the  purest  men  in  the  Church  had  sought 
their  ease  and  self-indulgence  ; if  this  had  been  a very 
uniform  fact,  and  received  the  approval  of  all  men  as 
consistent  with  the  genius  of  religion,  the  inference 
would  be  resistless  that  the  inmost  aim  of  Christianity 
was  a ministry  of  social  and  personal  comfort. 

But  the  first  age  of  the  Church,  that  which  was  near- 
est to  the  time  of  Christ,  which  may  be  supposed  to 
understand  most  perfectly  His  views,  was  the  golden 
age  of  missionary  enterprise.  From  the  period  when, 
dispersed  by  pemecution,  they  “ went  everywhere 
preaching  the  word,”  until  this  present,  the  people  of 
God  have  recognized  the  obligation  to  give  the  Gospel 
to  all  men,  and  with  more  or  less  energy  and  success 
have  pursued  this  line  of  duty.  In  those  terrible  cor- 
ruptions which  have  obscured  her  glory  and  wasted  her 


14 


strengtli,  the  advance  has  been  small.  Still,  a few  have 
been  preserved  who  have  prayed  for  Zion’s  welfare ; and 
the  revival  of  a pure  Christianity  has  always  been  the 
signal  for  a revival  of  missionary  endeavor.  There 
have  been  no  exceptions  to  this  fact.  True,  the  work 
has  been  limited  by  want  of  facilities  which  commerce, 
science,  and  the  art  of  printing,  have  multiplied  in  these 
latter  days.  And  if  the  difficulties  in  the  way  are  well 
considered,  we  must  feel  that  the  energy  and  piety  of 
the  Church  have  been  often  even  with  her  advantages. 
At  the  present  time  this  spirit  is  taking  on  a more  do- 
mestic form,  and  exploring  all  the  haunts  of  crime  and 
wo  which  are  the  shame  of  Christendom,  and  giving  to 
the  needy  at  our  own  doors  the  word  which  is  the 
“ power  of  God  unto  salvation.”  That  this  spirit  of  the 
Gospel  should  perpetuate  itself,  that  the  prestige  of  suc- 
cess should  impart  zeal  and  courage,  is  natural. 

These  thoughts,  so  imperfectly  expressed,  are  the  evi- 
dence that  a missionary  worTc  is  tlie  natural  evolution  of 
Christianity.  It  grows  from  the  advancing  method  of 
God’s  economy.  It  springs  from  the  character  of  its 
Author,  and  accords  with  his  instructions.  It  is  im- 
bedded in  the  principles  which  lie  taught.  It  is  an 
outgrowth  from  the  history  of  Christianity.  It  is 
therefore  a natural  idea  in  the  Christian  scheme  and 
spirit. 

The  way  is  prepared  for  some  inferences.  If  the 
view  we  have  taken  be  the  correct  one,  then, 

I.  We  can  see  where  the  real  elements  of  cooperative 
loorh  are  to  he  found.  Tliere  is  a strong  feeling  pervad- 


15 


ing  tlie  hearts  of  good  men  that  Christianity  demands 
a union  of  spirit  and  purpose  in  its  friends.  This  con- 
viction arises  from  broader  views  of  the  Gospel,  and 
from  a stroimer  Christian  life.  It  is  a well-founded 

O 

conviction.  To  realize  it  in  actual  experience  is  fast  be- 
coming a practical  problem  and  is  challenging  the 
thought  of  the  best  minds.  Some  fear  that  the  eye  will 
be  turned  in  the  wTong  direction,  induces  me  to  say 
what  I deeply  feel. 

The  too  current  idea  of  a cooperative  Christianity,  as 
I gather  it  from  reading  is  this,  namely,  that  different 
denominations  of  Christians  shall  so  sink  all  their  pecu- 
liar doctrinal  views,  and  waive  their  ecclesiastical  organ- 
izations, that  the  machinery  shall  work  without  an}- 
friction,  that  no  seeming  advantage  shall  be  given  to 
any  one  denomination.  Whether  or  not  this  is  possible 
at  present,  it  is  not  easy  to  say.  But  the  attempts 
which  the  theory  suggests  are  certainly  visionary.  No 
amount  of  pains  in  adjusting  platforms  of  action ; no 
measure  of  charity  in  yielding  cherished  preferences 
under  the  idea  that  they  are  non-essential ; no  effort  to 
blink  the  strong  tendency  of  the  age  to  ecclesiasticism, 
if  not  to  sacerdotalism ; no  compacts  to  keep  the  peace, 
and  to  utter  fraternal  words  which  are  not  the  natural 
reflection  of  the  soul ; no  glorification  of  a nominal 
Christian  union  can  possibly  achieve  a cooperative 
Christianity.  Christianity  is  a unit  in  its  teachings,  and 
its  spirit.  It  is  essentially  cooperative.  It  has,  and  can 
have  but  one  aim.  It  seeks  that  aim  throuo-h  all  the 

O 

“ diversities  of  gifts”  bestowed  on  those  who  are  called 
to  its  warfare,  by  preserving  “ the  unity  of  the  Spirit 


16 


in  the  bonds  of  peace,”  There  is  room  iu  afield  so  vast 
for  every  variety  of  method  and  talent.  Moreover,  it 
is  possible  that  the  power  of  individual  forces  are  under- 
rated, that  the  power  of  organization  is  over-estimated, 
that  individualism  is  too  much  merged  in  concentrated 
action  through  accredited  institutions,  and  that  what  is 
styled  a revolutionary  and  sectarian  process  is  only  the 
rupture  of  systematized  constraints,  in  which  the  means 
have  been  substituted  for  the  end.  Be  this  as  it  may, 
we  have  no  faith  in  the  permanency  and  capacity  of  a 
cooperation  which  does  not  put  its  foundations  on  the 
central  Christian  idea,  the  union  of  the  heart  in  Christ. 
The  Church  does  not  need  so  much  to  cherish  the  spirit 
of  Christian  union,  as  the  spirit  of  Jesus.  This  latter 
is  the  directest  way  to  the  former.  A towering  faith 
and  love  must  project  their  shadows  over  all  social  and 
ecclesiastical  diiferences ; if  not  so  dense  as  to  conceal 
those  differences,  yet  so  as  to  soften  them  in  the  shelter 
of  its  twilight.  Votes  in  conventions  will  not  cement 
estranged  affections,  nor  hush  suspicions.  Beneath  the 
most  beautiful  plains,  where  flowers  bloom  iu  quiet 
l)eauty,  and  murmuriug  streams  mingle  their  notes  in 
the  melody  of  nature,  where  the  ploughman  opens  the 
furrow  to  the  sunlight,  and  hamlets  gem  the  lawn ; be- 
neath such  seeming  harmonies,  the  earthquake  sleeps. 
And  when  comes  the  time,  and  the  materials  are  gath- 
ered, its  voice  of  terror  will  be  heard.  Underneath 
seeming  unions  that  catch  the  eye  of  the  world,  ele- 
ments of  riq)ture  may  be  found  working  with  intense 
energy.  No  verbal  agreements  can  check  the  ongoing 
tendency  to  disunion ; only  the  inculcation  and  the  ac- 


17 


ceptance  of  a Cliristianity  wliicli  naturally  and  preemi- 
nently evolves  the  missionary  work. 

II.  A church  ill  a normal  condition  will  engage  in 
missionary  entei'prise.  Churches,  so  named,  which 
have  departed  from  the  truth,  and  those  which  never 
held  the  truth,  do  make  attempts  in  missionary 
labor.  These  are  exceptional  facts  in  their  history, 
occurring  under  peculiar  circumstances,  and  stimulat- 
ed by  considerations  which  do  not  find  origin  in  the 
Gospel.  Such  exceptions  will  again  occur.  But  the 
mass  of  sects  that  do  not  hold  the  fundamental  doc- 
trines embraced  by  Protestant  churches  have  no  mis- 
sions. This  is  inevitable. 

But  a church  in  a healthy  spiritual  condition  will 
make  a business  of  giving  the  word  of  life  to  all  men. 
It  will  not  be  an  accident,  not  an  episode,  not  a result 
from  the  pressure  of  outward  forces  in  the  history  of 
such  a church.  It  will  be  her  daily  work.  A church 
is  in  a healthy  condition  when  the  inner  life  is  vigorous, 
when  the  word  of  Christ  rules  in  her  counsels,  and  the 
spirit  of  Christ  prompts  her  activities.  There  may  be 
a large  degree  of  outward  thrift,  an  array  of  social 
influence,  abundant  means,  a public  regard,  a place  of 
commanding:  consideration,  existing:  in  a church  when 
the  decay  of  vital  energy  is  going  forward,  and  the 
pulse  of  its  spirituality  is  waxing  ever  feebler.  This 
has  been  usually  the  fact  with  churches  that  have  sunk 
into  mere  inanities.  What  the  adversary  can  not  de- 
stroy, he  will  seek  to  corrupt,  and  to  weaken  by  cor- 
ruption. The  process  may  last  through  a century.  In 
2 


18 


the  mean  time  a fair  outward  prosperity  may  conceal 
the  terrible  defection. 

Christ  promised  that  the  Spirit  should  abide  with 
his  people.  His  presence  secures  a genuine  affection 
for  God,  a regard  for  the  good  of  all  men,  a spirit  of 
self-denial  to  the  last  extremity.  It  reproduces  the 
divine  in  the  human.  This  is  the  Gospel  in  the  con- 
crete— not  a letter  but  a life — not  a theory  but  an  ac- 
tivity— not  a creed  but  an  onworking  force.  And  any 
church  in  this  state  will  naturally  preach  the  Gospel  by 
any  avenue  which  promises  success.  It  will  do  it  as  a 
development  of  its  own  life.  It  will  do  it  in  imitation 
of  Christ,  and  in  sympathy  with  his  mission  and 
sacrifice. 

The  Church  does  not  exist  or  work  for  its  own  sake. 
Human  governments  often  extend  their  territory  by 
purchase  or  arms ; they  exact  tribute,  and  levy  taxes, 
not  so  much  for  the  subject  as  for  the  government. 
The  maintenance  of  that  is  the  grand  aim.  But  the 
kingdom  of  Christ  exists  and  works  only  for  the  good 
of  its  subjects,  and  for  those  who  may  become  such. 
It  has  no  central  source  of  power  on  earth  to  maintain 
— no  visible  head  to  whose  support  it  is  jfiedged.  It 
has  no  object  to  be  gained  except  in  the  happiness  of 
mankind.  For  this  it  has  a place  and  elements  of 
power.  I do  not  say  the  Church  is  to  be  lightly  re- 
garded even  as  an  institution — that  no  collateral  bene- 
fits flow  from  it.  But  the  divine  idea  of  it  is  this : that 
it  is  a medium  through  which  the  compassion  of  God 
is  manifested  and  offered,  and  when  unperverted  by 
worldly  maxims,  and  unseduced  by  worldly  influences, 


19 


it  seeks  tlie  accomplisliment  of  its  legitimate  design — 
it  does  not  labor  for  its  own  sake  as  an  organization, 
but  broadly  preaches  the  mercy  of  God  as  revealed  in 
the  Gospel.  It  can  do  no  other  work  as  of  first  import- 
ance. 

While  we  boast  of  this  as  a missionary  age,  it  is  a 
disheartening  fact,  that  there  is  so  much  labor  neces- 
sary to  furnish  the  appliances  for  the  work  of  preach- 
ing the  Gospel  to  every  creature.  It  is  a sad  symj)tom. 
Resources  fail.  The  Board  is  oppressed  with  debt. 
Mission  labor  is  cm’tailed.  The  young  men  of  the 
Church  find  a sphere  of  activity  in  the  business  of  life. 
Pew  seek  the  ministry;  fewer,  heathen  lands.  The 
money  given  is  oftener  regarded  as  a taxation  than  a 
privilege.  There  is  little  of  that  self-abnegation  which 
i)rin2:3  wealth  and  children  to  the  altar  of  God — little 
of  that  mighty  fiiith  which  foresees  the  future  in  the 
promises  of  God.  The  love  of  the  world  is  magnify- 
ing. The  habits  of  society  are  receding  from  the  sim- 
plicity of  the  truth.  Yet  the  Gospel  is  accredited,  its 
institutions  are  praised,  its  work  celebrated.  For  the 
sake  of  the  Church  men  will  submit  to  a levy  if  it  is 
not  too  depleting,  not  too  often  repeated.  The  shrink- 
ing sensitiveness  which  is  afraid  of  thorough,  hearty, 
spiritual  work,  can  not  ultimately  hinder  the  purposes 
of  God.  The  nations  shall  hear  the  “ good  tidings.” 

The  great  Head  of  the  Church  will  effect  revolutions 
in  her  communions,  fitting  her  for  her  high  behests. 
And  when  the  true  life  of  Christ  is  regnant  in  the 
hearts  of  those  who  have  recorded  their  names  in  His 
house,  the  work  of  missions  will  be  spontaneous  and 


20 


natural.  It  will  come  with  the  sympathies  which  bind 
the  Church  in  closer  union  with  Jesus,  as  gushes  the 
water  from  a crevice  in  the  rock,  when  fed  by  a living 
spring. 

III.  The  missionary  spirit  is  not  a specialty.  If 
the  missionary  work  is  a moral  necessity,  from  the 
nature  of  Christianity,  the  missionary  spirit  is  equalh^ 
such  a necessity.  It  is  a real  misfortune  that  we  have 
bounded  the  idea  of  such  a spirit  by  actual,  personal 
labor  in  heathen  lands.  Here  and  there  in  the  Church 
are  found  a few  who  devote  themselves  to  such  labor. 
Forthwith  they  are  indorsed  as  having  the  spirit  of  a 
missionary.  It  is  implied  that  others  have  no  kindred 
spirit,  and  are  not  expected  to  have  it.  The  result  of 
such  a general  conviction  is  soon  obvious.  A true  sym- 
pathy for  missions  is  exiled  from  the  hearts  of  those 
who  should  stand  by  the  throne,  laden  with  prayer,  and 
filled  with  benevolence.  It  is  a matter  of  doubt  which 
most  manifests  the  spirit  of  the  Gospel,  the  daughter, 
who,  in  the  fervor  of  youth  or  the  blush  of  woman- 
hood, goes  abroad,  or  the  aged  widow  of  three-score 
years  who  parts  with  her  last  child,  leaving  the  mater- 
nal benediction  on  her  head,  then  pursuing  her  solitary 
way  to  the  grave,  looking  to  the  ministry  of  strangers 
in  the  hour  of  her  greatest  need. 

In  the  measure  that  a missionary  spirit  is  regarded 
as  a specialty  in  the  Christian  life,  does  the  demand  be- 
come imperative  for  calling  the  attention  of  the  Cliurch 
to  the  genius  of  the  Gospel.  Of  that  boon,  bought 
with  the  blood  of  Christ,  there  is  no  monopoly.  It  is  a 


21 


gift  for  the  world.  Every  man  into  whose  hands  it 
comes,  into  whose  soul  it  enters  with  light  and  joy, 
every  man  whose  eye  is  opened  to  see  its  beauty  and 
worth,  is  by  such  fact  a missionary.  “Let  him  that 
heareth  say.  Come.”  The  identity  of  the  Christian  and 
missionary  spirit  is  a first  truth.  The  spirit  is  the 
same.  There  may  be  need  of  instruction  as  to  the  lines 
of  duty  and  the  necessity  of  the  mass  of  our  race,  but 
the  true  Christian  life  responds  to  that  instruction  with 
electric  promptness.  There  are  no  such  lines  of  distinc- 
tion as  make  one  man  more  a missionary  than  another, 
only  for  the  reason  that  he  labors  in  another  field. 
The  man  who  seeks  information  from  every  quarter  of 
the  globe,  that  he,  as  a steward  of  God,  may  best 
know  how  and  where  to  appropriate  his  means  so  as  to 
please  the  Master  who  intrusted  them  to  his  care — the 
man  who  gives  his  child  to  a foreign  field,  and  gives 
him  from  the  wealth  of  his  love  to  Jesus — the  man 
who  has  no  more  to  give  than  the  full  prayer  of  his 
soul,  and  gives  that — these  all  have  the  missionary 
spirit,  because  they  have  a Christian  spirit.  A Christian 
heart  in  which  pulsates  no  love  for  the  work  of  mis- 
sions— or  a mission  spirit  which  does  not  grow  out  of 
the  Christian  life — these  are  anomalies  which  we  can 
not  underetand,  which  find  no  explanation  in  the  re- 
vealed word.  'We  are  looking  with  hope,  for  the  time 
when  every  man  given  to  Christ  is  thereby  given  to  the 
world ; when  the  acceptance  of  Christ  in  the  heart  by 
faith,  will  be  a commission  to  preach  the  “ Gospel  to 
every  creature.”  Shall  that  glad  day  soon  dawn  ? Nor 
men  nor  resources  then  shall  be  wanting.  The  harvest 


22 


will  soon  be  gathered,  and  earth  bloom  with  the  beauty 
of  Eden.  Each  home  will  be  vocal  with  the  praise  of 
the  Saviour,  and  each  heart  a temple  to  his  name. 

IV.  If  the  missionary  work  is  a natural  evolution  of 
Christianity,  the  Oliurch  Tieeds  an  enlarged  scale  of 
missionary  labor.  If  any  question  has  been  settled  so 
as  never  to  need  a review,  it  is  this  : that  a church  can 
not  live  and  thrive  except  by  the  most  intense  activi- 
ties. What  has  been  done  in  the  way  of  preaching 
the  Gospel  to  the  nations  has  returned  with  interest. 
The  general  sum  of  knowledge  has  been  increased. 
Collateral  evidence  of  Christianity  has  been  accumu- 
lated. The  commerce  and  literature  of  the  world  have 
been  extended.  New  objects  of  prayer  and  hope  have 
opened  to  the  Church.  Those  who  love  Zion  have 
been  united  in  closer  amity.  Revivals  of  religion  have 
followed  missionary  effort.  The  tone  of  genuine  piety 
has  been  strengthened.  The  heart  of  the  Church  has 
been  drawn  upward  into  a sweeter  communion  with 
the  Lord.  The  word  of  truth,  and  the  significance  and 
power  of  the  atonement  have  been  more  thoroughly 
understood.  The  plans  of  God,  in  all  theii’  grandeur, 
have  been  unrolling  before  the  open  eye.  A field  of 
Christian  enterprise  has  been  discovered.  The  spirit  of 
benevolence  has  been  cultivated.  The  Church  can  not 
spare  such  benefits.  They  enrich  her.  It  is  a peculiar- 
ity of  the  spirit  of  the  Gospel  that  it  increases  by  e.x- 
penditure — that  it  enlarges  in  proportion  to  its  outlays, 
[f  it  be  in  tlie  nature  of  Christianity  to  give,  and  to  do; 
if  this  is  its  chief  work ; if  its  beneficence  is  its  life. 


23 


then  the  most  fatal  disaster  that  could  befall  its  inter- 
ests would  be  to  entertain  any  thought  of  a policy 
which  should  seek  to  circumscribe  its  work.  If  all  our 
missionary  enterprise  should  cease  in  our  hands  to-day, 
it  might  save  some  money  in  our  coffers,  it  might  keej) 
some  of  our  sons  and  daughters  by  our  hearth-stone, 
but  it  would  stifle  many  a prayer  that  has  lived  in  the 
soul  for  years  with  a growing  strength ; it  would 
turn  back  into  the  heart  of  many  a devoted  Christian 
the  tide  of  love  which  has  been  ceaselessly  flow- 
ing ; it  would  sunder  some  of  the  dearest  Christian  ties 
and  blot  out  some  of  the  brightest  hopes  which  gild 
the  horizon.  No ; the  Church  needs  a policy  of  mis- 
sions evermore  expanding  in  order  to  give  scope  to  her 
sympathies,  tone  to  her  piety,  and  might  to  her  exer- 
tions. It  is  as  essential  as  her  own  vital  growth. 
Without  this,  there  can  be  no  evolution  of  the  Christian 
spirit,  no  gradual  and  grand  unfolding  of  the  dignity 
and  power  of  the  Christian  character.  Without  this 
the  man,  the  Church,  must  be  dwarfed  always,  and  the 
genius  of  the  Gospel  obscured.  The  thoughts  which 
God  has  spoken  in  his  word  will  not  be  grasped.  With 
a vision  near-sighted,  with  palsied  limbs  and  in  veriest 
decrepitude  for  want  of  exercise  the  Church  will  drag 
along  in  her  joyless  pathway.  So  surely  as  Christian- 
ity finds  expression  in  missionary  exploits,  she  must 
have  a scope  as  wide  as  her  mission,  and  a motive  im- 
pulsive as  the  love  of  Christ,  and  appealing  as  the 
death-throe  of  a world  sinking  to  the  dark  grave  in  sad 
impenitence.  Ampler  and  still  ampler  must  be  her  pol- 


24 


icy  and  her  prayer,  if  her  inward  strength  is  fed,  and 
she  climbs  to  the  eminence  of  her  privilege. 

V.  If  missions  spring  naturally  from  Christianity, 
then  loe  may  expect  God’’s  Ue-ssing  to  attend  them. 
From  his  own  nature  came  Christianity.  He  inspired 
it  so  far  as  it  is  a matter  of  record.  He  illustrated  it 
in  the  life  of  his  Son.  He  appointed  its  mission.  He  gives 
its  life  to  the  individual.  He  teaches  its  meaning.  Fie 
makes  it  a ministry  of  joy  and  hope  to  the  believing 
heart.  He  has  pledged  its  success  to  his  Son.  He  has 
not  withdrawn  his  promise  or  command  concerning,  it. 
All  his  providential  dealings  indicate  his  purpose  to 
crown  missionary  labor  with  his  benediction.  The  re- 
cords of  the  past  are  fruitful  in  encouraging  facts. 

To  the  eye  of  faith  the  future  is  glorious.  In  all  the 
events  which  transpire  among  the  nations,  his  hand  is 
visible.  Never  was  human  mind  so  active  and  wakeful 
as  at  present.  Never  were  there  larger  expectations 
of  the  incoming  of  a new  order  of  things.  Never  did 
hoary  despotisms  so  tremble  in  the  presence  of  man- 
hood asserting  its  rights.  Never  was  the  voice  of  lib- 
eral principles  so  manly  and  firm.  Never  were  old  dy- 
nasties, enthroned  for  ages  and  cemented  with  blood, 
so  lunatic  and  smitten  with  fear.  Never  did  the  uni- 
versal heart  of  man  find  so  free  utterance.  Its  very 
longings  are  projohetlc.  Events  are  hastening.  The 
limits  of  the  world  are  narrowing.  Natlonahties  are 
being  obliterated.  The  press,  the  mightiest  enginery 
of  modern  times,  is  increasing  knowledge.  Commerce  - 


25 


is  amplifying.  Science  is  making  all  nature  tributary 
to  man’s  comfort.  The  power  of  man  is  multiplying, 
and  the  grapple  with  his  worst  foes  draws  on.  There 
are  stirring  scenes  before  us.  There  are  revolutions 
ripening  which  will  scoff  at  “ the  balance  of  power.” 
The  seeds  of  these  are  sown  by  every  press,  by  every 
free  voice  that  rings  through  the  nations,  by  every 
Bible  and  tract  distributed.  The  cloud  is  lifting,  and 
what  a vision  opens ! There  are  suspicions  and  fears, 
and  jealousies  and  ambitions.  They  struggle  for  the 
victory.  In  the  midst  of  all  these  strange  convulsions, 
the  men  of  God  are  speaking  his  word.  They  pursue 
their  calm  way  undisturbed  by  fears,  with  eye  uplifted 
towards  the  throne  of  the  Highest.  Their  work  thrives. 

Politicians  and  statesmen  refer  us  to  social  and  civil 
causes  in  order  to  account  for  the  troubled  state  of  the 
world.  It  may  be  that  only  such  causes  come  within 
their  range  of  view.  It  is  moreover  a fact  that 
through  such  agencies  the  highest  religious  events  are 
wrought  out.  But  with  the  past  all  legible  with  the 
evidence  of  a divine  force  working  through  human 
forces,  with  the  prophecy  of  the  Scriptures  in  hand, 
with  the  design  of  the  atonement  clear  as  the  morning, 
with  some  definite  experience  of  the  spirit  of  the  Gos- 
pel, and  with  some  small  measure  of  faith,  we  can  eas- 
ily see  that  the  Lord  is  casting  up  a highway  for  the 
word.  His  messengers  shall  travel  with  all  the  means 
of  commerce,  shall  employ  all  the  facilities  of  art  and 
education,  shall  subdue  to  the  purposes  of  mercy  the 
respurces  of  the  world. 

God  will  give  his  benediction  to  every  attempt  to 


26 


fulfill  his  command,  to  glorify  his  Son  in  the  proclama- 
tion of  his  love.  That  blessing  shall  grow  more  be- 
nignant and  commanding  as  the  day  of  ultimate  triumph 
approaches.  “ A nation  shall  be  born  in  a day.”  Our 
work  is  not  bootless.  It  shall  prosper.  The  hand  of 
God  is  in  it.  We  may  expect  his  love  to  crown  it.  He 
is  mightier  than  oppositions.  “ Greater  is  He  that  is  in 
you,  than  he  that  is  in  the  world.”  The  “ Gospel  shall 
be  preached  to  every  creature,”  and  the  smile  of  Jeho- 
vah shall  be  its  passport  to  the  heart,  and  its  earnest  of 
a glorious  victory. 


TWENTY-NINTH  ANNUAL  REPORT 


OF  THE 

NEW-YORK  AND  BROOKLYN  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  ASSOCIATION. 

» • • 

The  Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  New-York  and  Brooklyn  completes,  to-night, 
iho  twenty-ninth  year  of  its  operations.  During  tho  passing  months  of  another  year 
(rod  has  graciously  continued  us  in  tho  stewardship  of  his  bounties,  held  out  to  us 
his  encouraging  promises,  and  opened  liis  ear  to  our  prayers,  while  ho  has  been  say- 
ing, “ Gro,  preach  my  Gospel.”  “ The  field  is  tho  world.” 

This  is  an  occasion  which  calls  us  to  review  tho  past,  to  observe  the  leadings  of 
Providence,  to  prepare  for  tlie  future,  and  to  ask  with  deep  solicitude  what  have  wo 
done,  what  are  we  doing  in  obedience  to  our  Lord’s  great  command  ? 

Tho  year,  covered  by  the  reports  which  were  presented  this  evening,  has  been 
marked  throughout  by  tho  Divine  blessing  upon  the  Missionary  work. 

At  home,  while  fears  have  been  excited  in  view  of  reported  changes  in  our  mis- 
sionary operations,  and  much  discussion  called  forth  in  regard  to  the  wisdom  of 
tJioso  changes,  it  is  believed  that  tho  discussion  has  only  developed  a deeper  inter- 
est in  tho  cause,  and  prepared  the  way  for  a more  complete  agreement  as  to  the 
best  means  of  securing  the  great  end  which  all  the  friends  of  missions  have  at  heart. 
The  recent  special  meeting  of  the  Board  at  Albany,  to  which  many  looked  forward 
with  apprehension,  seemed  eminently  marked  by  the  spirit  of  Christian  kindness 
:uid  earnest  prayer.  Those  who  went  with  solicitude,  returned  to  thank  God  and 
take  courage. 

Abroad  also,  the  work  has  been  crowned  with  peculiar  favor  fi-om  on  high.  Tho 
year  opened  amid  scenes  of  fierce  and  desperate  struggle.  China  was  rent  by  bar- 
barous revolutions.  A fearful  and  bloody  war  was  raging  in  close  proximity  to  the 
most  important  and  promising  of  our  missionary  fields — a war  which  threatened  to 
involve  the  whole  eastern  world,  and  wakened  dark  forebodings  as  to  its  efl'ects  on 
all  our  missionary  operations.  But  God  has  been  better  to  us  than  our  fears.  In 
China,  amid  scenes  of  butchery  and  blood,  the  work,  though  somewhat  retarded, 
was  nowhere  suspended ; while,  in  Amoy  and  vicinity,  particularly,  the  special 


28 


effusions  of  the  Divine  Spirit  have  proved  the  Lord  on  high  to  be  mightier  than  the 
noLse  of  many  waters — while  He  causes  the  wrath  of  man  to  praise  him.  In  Persia, 
tlie  opposition  of  the  royal  court,  which  threatened  seriously  to  interfere  with  the 
labors  of  our  bretlwen  among  the  Nestorians,  has  been  so  far  removed  as  to  allow 
them  to  proceed  without  interruption.  In  Western  Asia,  notwithstanding  “ the 
thunder  of  the  captains  and  the  shouting,”  the  work  of  God  has  gone  prosperously 
on.  Tlie  Gospel  is  taking  a still  deeper  hold  on  the  Armenian  mind,  and  spreading 
to  places  in  the  interior  which  no  missionary  has  yet  reached.  New  churches  have 
been  planted ; and  our  hearts  have  recently  been  gladdened  with  the  tidings  that 
another,  the  thirtieth  among  the  Armenians,  has  been  just  organized  in  Oorfa,  the 
supposed  birth-place  of  Abraham;  thus,  after  forty  centuries,  reviving  the  faith  of 
that  man  of  God,  in  the  home  of  his  childhood.  Other  and  yet  more  remarkable 
indications  also  there  arc — though,  for  obvious  reasons,  it  may  be  unwise  to  do 
more  than  merely  allude  to  them — of  God’s  gracious  presence  in  those  lands  of  the 
East.  It  may  not  be  improper  to  say,  however,  that  there  are  so  many  and  suph 
striking  evidences,  that  He  is  moving  upon  the  minds  of  multitudes  hitherto  un- 
reached by  the  Gospel — awakening  their  intense  interest  in  divine  truth,  and  pre- 
paring them  eagerly  to  inquire  for,  and  readily  to  receive  it — as  to  animate  our  mis- 
sionary brethren  with  the  strongest  hopes,  and  call  them  to  special  efforts  to  meet 
these  now  demands  upon  their  time  and  strength. 

If,  during  a year  of  warfare,  when  aU  the  aspects  of  Divine  Providence  would 
seem  to  have  been  peculiarly  adverse  to  missionary  operations,  God  has  thus  brought 
light  out  of  darkness,  what  advances  of  his  kingdom  may  we  not  expect  now,  when 
tlie  whole  civilized  world  is  rejoicing  at  the  return  of  peace  among  the  nations? 

But  if  wo  have  to  sing  of  mercy,  wo  have  also  to  speak  of  judgment.  Death  has 
been  at  work  in  our  missionary  band.  The  aged  and  the  young — the  veteran  sol- 
diers of  the  cross,  with  hoary  hairs  and  ripo  experience,  bearing  upon  their  persons 
many  a mark  of  the  long  conflict  of  faith ; and  others,  newly  enlisted  in  the  ranks, 
who  had  just  gone  from  tho  bosom  of  our  churches,  with  strong  hope  and  ardent 
zeal,  and  the  promise  of  continued  usefulness — Poor  and  Scudder,  Hitchcock  and 
Benjamin,  Hume  and  Lobdoll,  have  alike  finished  their  work.  They  have  obeyed 
the  command,  “Come  up  hither,”  and  gone  to  meet  tho  great  Captain  of  our  sal- 
vation on  high.  And  others  also,  daughters  of  tho  Church,  fitting  and  faitlifiil  help- 
ers in  tho  work,  have,  during  tho  year,  been  called  to  lay  down  tho  cross  and  take 
up  tho  crown. 

From  tills  glance  at  some  of  tho  groat  features  of  tho  missionary  work,  wo  may 
turn  to  the  eflbrts  which  this  Society  has  made  to  promote  it.  How  closely  and 
faithfully  have  wo  walked  in  those  footmarks  of  God?  Tho  duties  of  our  Associa- 
tion are  limited  and  definite.  Its  objects,  ns  set  forth  in  its  constitution,  are  two : 
“ To  di.ssoniinato  missionary  intelligence,  and  to  raise  funds  in  aid  of  the  missions 
under  tho  care  of  tho  parent  Society."  These  objects  tho  Directors  have  kept  stea- 
dily in  view.  To  secure  tho  first,  they  have  sustained  for  years,  on  the  afternoon 


29 


of  the  first  Monday  in  every  month,  a meeting  at  tlie  Traci  IIousc,  at  'which,  by  the 
Corresponding  Secretary  of  the  Board,  and  sucii  Missionaries  as  may  from  time  to 
time  bo  in  the  city,  the  latest  intelligence  is  commimicated  from  the  different  sta- 
tions. Tlio  aim  has  been  by  such  means  to  bring  every  part  of  the  missionary  field 
directly  under  the  eye  of  the  churches  represented  there.  Our  own  hearts  have 
often  burned  within  us,  as  wo  thus  heard  the  sound  of  God’s  goings  among  the  na- 
tions, and  the  voice  of  our  brethren  in  the  field  fell  on  our  cars,  “ Como  over  and 
help  us."  Wo  have  been  deeply  affected  as  wo  have  listened  to  the  glowing  elo- 
quence and  strong  appeals  of  those  ■who,  just  returned  from  foreign  lands,  have 
spread  before  us  the  wants  of  multitudes  ready  to  perish,  and  urged  us  to  a loftier 
standard  of  effort  and  self-denial  in  their  behalf.  And  wo  have  felt  tliat,  in  propor- 
tion as  the  needs  of  a dying  world,  and  the  blessing  of  God  upon  the  labors  of  those 
who  seek  to  give  it  Ills  Gospel,  could  be  brought  clearly  before  the  minds  of  Christ- 
ians, in  that  proportion  would  be  the  fervor  of  their  prayers,  and  the  increase  o( 
their  contributions.  But  while  the  great  work  of  the  world’s  evangelization  is  still 
far  ftom  its  accomplishment,  and  while  its  progress  has  not  failed  to  develop  new 
features  of  interest  and  importance,  the  Directors  regret  to  say  that  there  has  been 
a falling  off  in  the  attendance  upon  the  meeting.  Tliis  may  bo  in  part  accounted 
for  by  the  general  removal  of  church-members  to  the  upper  and  distant  portions  of 
the  city.  And  yet  it  is  believed  that  the  slight  sacrifice  even  thus  required,  would 
be  more  than  repaid  by  the  fresh  interest  which  the  finends  of  the  cause  might  gain 
to  themselves  by  their  attendance,  and  the  impulse  which  their  presence  and  sym- 
pathy would  give  to  others. 

Arrangements  have  been  made  to  secure  the  almost  simultaneous  presentation  of 
the  cause,  and  the  collection  of  funds  among  the  churches.  Still  further  to  increase 
the  efficiency  of  the  Society,  two  Directors  are  chosen  annually  from  each  church, 
whose  duty  it  is,  in  the  language  of  the  constitution,  “ to  do  all  in  their  power  t<j 
enlist  every  member,  both  of  the  church  and  congregation,  in  the  missionary  work, 
and  to  take  measures  to  secure  systematic  and  regular  contributions  to  the  funds  of 
the  Society,  from  the  churches  and  Sabbath-schools.”  This  system  has  now  been  in 
operation  for  six  years.  Its  first  results  were  very  encouraging.  Our  contributions 
went  up,  the  first  year,  in  round  numbers,  to  $16,000,  the  second  year  to  $18,000, 
the  third  to  $22,000,  and  the  fourth  to  $23,000.  Would  that  we  could  go  on  to 
speak  of  yet  larger  offerings  to  the  treasury  of  the  Lord.  But  instead  of  this,  the 
receipts  fell  the  last  year  to  $21,000,  and  the  present  year  they  have  gone  down  to 
$19,000.  The  plain  and  humiliating  fact  is,  that  our  contributions  to  the  great 
object  of  a world’s  conversion  have  been  $2000  less  this  year  than  they  were  the 
last,  and  more  than  $4000  less  than  the  year  before. 

It  was  suggested  at  our  last  anniversary,  that  the  deficiency  then  reported  might 
have  arisen  from  the  general  embarrassments  of  business,  and  the  new  claims  upon 
charity  made  by  multitudes  of  the  destitute  and  suffering  in  the  midst  of  us.  But 
to  what  shall  we  now  attribute  this  still  greater  deficiency  ? There  has  been  no  blot- 


80 


ting  out  of  any  of  our  churches,  no  falling  off  in  the  numbers  of  those  who  have  con- 
secrated themselves  and  their  substance  to  Christ  and  his  cause,  no  drying  up  of  our 
pecuniary  resources.  On  the  contrary,  these  all  have  largely  increased.  Never  has 
there  been  a greater  accumulation  of  wealth  in  the  hands  of  the  professed  people  of 
God  in  these  cities  than  now.  But,  while  rejoicing  in  his  bounty,  are  we  forgetting 
the  great  purpose  for  which  He  has  intrusted  it  to  our  keeping  ? It  is  charged 
against  an  ancient  king,  that  he  “ rendered  not  again,  according  to  the  benefit  done 
unto  him,”  and  therefore,  it  is  told  us,  “ there  was  wrath  upon  him,  and  upon  Judah 
and  Jerusalem.”  If  we  are  guilty  of  the  sin  of  Hezekiah,  shall  we  not  fear  its  pun- 
ishment ? “ There  is  that  withholdeth  more  than  is  meet  and  yet  tendeth  to  poverty” 
— ^yea,  the  sorest  and  sharpest — poverty  of  grace — poverty  of  souL 
But  we  can  not  admit  for  a moment  that  the  hearts  of  Christians  among  us  have 
grown  cold  in  the  work  of  missions.  Other  incidental  and  temporaiy  causes,  we 
would  trust,  have  led  to  this  apparently  backward  step,  when  God,  by  his  provi- 
dence and  his  spirit,  has  been  so  loudly  calling  us  to  go  forward.  Let  us  remember 
that  we  are  His  stewards.  Let  us  live  as  such.  Let  our  regrets  for  the  past  be 
turned  into  strong  and  soul-compelling  resolves  for  the  future.  Let  us  aim  to  reach 
that  high  standard  of  self-denial  and  sacrifice  which  is  given  us  in  tlio  agony  of  the 
garden  and  the  cross — which  was  followed  by  apostles  and  martyrs,  and  led  to  the 
early  triumphs  of  Christianity — which  we  find  everywhere  in  the  progress  of  the 
Redeemer’s  kingdom.  Let  us  feel  and  pray,  let  us  labor  and  give  as  we  should  do 
ifj  on  our  ears  alone  of  all  the  children  of  men,  tho  tidings  of  redemption  had  fallen, 
and  it  depended  on  our  individual  exertions  whether  the  vast  multitudes  of  our  race 
were  to  bo  reached  and  won  by  the  truth  as  it  is  in  Jesus. 

A.  A.  WOOD,  Corresponding  Secretary. 


81 


TDE  FOREIGN  MISSIONARY  SOCIETY  OF  NEW-YORK  AND  BROOKLYN 


In  account  current  with  their  Treasurer,  Almos  Merwin. 
From  April  1st,  1855,  to  March  31st,  1856. 


Paid  for  carriage-hire, 

“ 3000  copies  Dr.  Adams’  Sermon, 

Kntored  in  account  at  sundry  times  with  James  M.  Gordon,  ) 
Treasurer  of  the  .:V.B.C.F.M.,  ) 


Hy  Cash,  from  the  following  sources : 

Alien-street  Presb\'terian  Church, 

Brick 

Broadway  Tabernacle,  . 

Central  Presbyterian  Church, 

Church  of  the  Puritans, 

Eastern  Congregational  Church,  . 

Eleventh  Presbyterian  “ 

Fourteenth- street  ‘‘ 

Fourth  Ave.  Presbyterian 
Harlem  *' 

Houston-street  ‘ 

Mercer-street  ‘ 

Madison-squaro  ‘ 

North  ‘ 

Presbyterian  Church  on  University  Place. 
Seventh  Presbyterian  Church,  . 

Sixth-street  “ “ . . 

Spring-street  . “ 

Thirteenth-st.  “ “ . . 

Twentieth-st.  Congregational  Church, 

West  Presbyterian  Church,  . 

West  23d-st  “ “ 

Sundry  donations  in  New-Tork  and  Brooklyn 

Bedford  Congregational  Church,  Brooklyn. 
Church  of  the  Pilgrims, 

Clinton  Avenue  Congregational  Church, 

Elm  Place  “ 

First  Presbyterian  Church, 

Plymouth  Congregational  Church, 

Park  “ 

South  Presbyterian 
Second  “ 

South  Congregational 
Third  Presbyterian 
Westminster  “ 

Warren-street  Mission, 

WilUamsburgh  First  Presbyterian  Church, 
Hoboken,  N.  J., 


Dr. 

$9  50 

141  87  151  .37 


Cb. 

108 

07 

748 

89 

142 

43 

151 

01 

1122 

51 

133 

83 

100 

00 

2233 

22 

333 

33 

48 

91 

40 

00 

3856 

01 

2019 

38 

'650 

66 

217 

39 

46 

00 

143 

67 

69 

00 

44 

72 

282 

55 

161 

57 

1737 

33 

9 

09 

2396 

61 

77 

55 

614 

08 

271 

38 

35 

00 

929 

15 

352 

00 

261 

62 

30 

63 

10 

66 

60 

00 

35 

26 

19,311  4,8 
$19,462  85 


14,389  82 


5073  0.7 


E.  4 0.  E. 

New-York,  March  31st,  1856. 
Examined  and  found  correct. 


0.  E.  Wood, 

Lewis  E.  Jacksok, 


Auditors. 


$19,462  85 

A.  Merwui, 

Treasurer. 


32 


RECEIPTS  OP  THE  SOCIETY. 


The  following  statement  exhibits  the  receipts  of  the  Foreign  ^Missionary  Society 


of  New-Tork  and  Brooklyn,  from  its  organization 


n 1827  to  April,  1860: 


From  1827  to  April,  1836,  (nine  years,)  .... 

. $86,931  28 

For  the  year  ending  April,  1837, 

19,068  72 

U 

it 

“ 1838, 

. 11,195  63 

U 

it 

March,  1839, 

12,433  07 

n 

it 

April,  1840, 

. 10,131  33 

it 

March,  1841, 

11,721  17 

it 

it 

April,  1842, 

. 15,937  73 

ii 

ii 

“ 1843 

10,432  42 

ii 

ii 

“ 1844, 

. 14,018  10 

ii 

it 

“ 1845, 

11,974  88 

“ 

ii 

“ 1846, 

. 10,426  10 

ii 

ii 

March,  1847 

9,867  59 

ii 

il 

“ 1848 

. 11,834  70 

it 

*• 

April,  1849, 

19,536  66 

ii 

ii 

“ 1850, 

. 14,217  58 

Total  in  23  years, 

$269,725  76 

The  following  is  a view  of  legacies  paid  into  the  treasury  of  the  American  Board 
from  New-Tork  and  Brooklyn  since  the  organization  of  this  Auxiliary  : 


For  the  year  ending  March  31,  1834,  from  New- York, 

. $964 

GO 

it 

ii 

“ 1836,  “ 

ii 

250 

00 

it 

it 

“ 1838,  " 

ii 

. 1350 

00 

ii 

«i 

“ 1839,  “ 

ii 

2865 

00 

it 

it 

“ 1840,  “ 

ii 

. 5602 

86 

it 

il 

“ 1842,  “ 

Brooklyn,  . 

133 

78 

it 

it 

“ 1843,  “ 

ii 

. 100 

00 

U 

ii 

“ 1844,  “ 

it 

100 

00 

ii 

it 

“ 1846,  “ 

Now- York, 

. loo 

00 

it 

it 

“ 1847,  “ 

Brooklyn, 

500 

00 

ii 

ii 

“ 1848,  “ 

New- York,  . 

. 3094 

38 

ii 

it 

“ 1849,  “• 

“ $1265  00 

Brooklyn,  100  00 

^ 1365 

00 

ii 

it 

“ 1860,  “ 

New- York, 

. 100 

00 

it 

it 

“ 1852,  “ 

ii 

20 

00 

it 

ii 

“ 1863,  “ 

ii 

. 885 

00 

ii 

ii 

“ 1864,  “ 

Ii 

3264 

00 

33 


RECEIPTS  FOR  THE  YEARS  1852,  1853,  1851,  1855,  185G. 


YVi.r  end 
Mnreh  81, 
la  4. 

Yenr  endinfr 
March  81, 
U58. 

Yrnr  ending  Yrar  ending 
Mnreh  81,  I ^lA^  h 81, 
1>&4.  1 I^^SS. 

Yenr  $nd  ng 
Mrtreli  81, 

Alien-street  rrcsbytcrinn  Church,  N.  Y. 

$1-29  on 

$187  07 

$IS6  40 

$166  7.3 

$108  07 

Brick  •'  “ 

9t8  14 

911  83 

941  87 

869  04 

748  89 

hnwlway  Tabernacle  “ “ 

‘i'rS  OI 

281  21 

278  03 

169  82 

142  48 

Central  l*n*>byierian  “ “ 

6,s7  40 

1,016  82 

.392  t;6 

817  2.3 

151  01 

Church  of  the  I’urtians,  (Cong.,)  “ 

l,2.--2  27 

151  60 

2,174  73 

1,846  26 

1,1-22  61 

E -stern  Congregational  Church,  “ 

19  1.9 

81  57 

52  94 

102  44 

1.33  88 

Eleventh  I’lesbvterian  “ “ 

6,9  85 

11.9  31 

170  18 

100  no 

100  00 

Fourteenth-st.  “ “ " 

409  73 

997  88 

1,519  01 

663  29 

2,-238  22 

Fotirih-iivenne  Pr.  “ “ 

S75  Ot) 

781  00 

935  49 

642  8tl 

8.38  83 

liar  cut  Presbyterian  “ “ 

7G  <»o 

53  17 

81  04 

76  Hn 

48  91 

Hmist'-n-sL  " “ “ 

2r»  5o 

19  50 

70  75 

.^3  09 

40  00 

Mercer-st.  “ “ “ 

5,189  11 

6,7tiG  36 

6,4t!4  93 

6,244  50 

8,8.56  01 

Madlson-sq.  “ “ “ 

North  “ “ “ 

I’re.'b.  Ch.  on  University  place,  *' 

5;t  t o 
.30  tm 

1,126  76 
72  27 

2, (MU  75 

2,019  88 

25n  no 

850  no 

5!iti  tin 

200  on 

650  00 

Seventh  Presbyieiiau  Church,  “ 

Slxih-aircct  “ “ 

Spring-street  “ **  ** 

2l3  77 

190  53 

8t  6 99 
fi"  (.0 

162  80 
50  no 

217  39 
46  00 

81  76 

123  17 

i;.9  (HI 

145  44 

143  67 

Thirteenth-st  “ “ “ 

Tweniieth-«t.  (Cong,)  “ 

S3  06 


39  31 

222  70 

104  28 

69  00 
44  72 

■\Vest  Presbyterian  “ “ 

4oG  60 

86S  59 

502  42|  2.32  59 

292  66 

IVest  23d-st.  “ “ “ 

•25  00 

102  65 

1(  8 42i  177  06 

161  67 

$10,953  9.) 

$1-3,289  45j$16,274  43^14,979  39 

$12,6.52  49 

Bedford  Congregational  Ch..  Brooklyn, 

11  89 

15  in 

19  59i  12  76 

9 09 

Ch.  of  the  Pilgrims.  (Cong..)  “ 

2,005  23 

2,12.1  21 

2,267  59 

1,260  00 

2,396  61 

Olnion-av.  Cung  Church,  “ 

Klm-|itHce  Cong.  “ “ 

4U  to 


351  81 



215  64 

82  41 

77  65 

yir>i  Presbvte  ian  “ “ 

88  ) 58 

935  87 

1,3-22  99 

830  46 

614  (8 

Plymouth  Cong.  “ “ 

Park-place  *■  “ “ 

452  46 

803  12 

445  00 

483  49 
49  79 

271  .33 
35  00 

South  Presbyterian  “ " 

1,219  32 

2,476  94 

1,0.33  25 

; 1,004  001  9-29  15 

Second  •*  “ “ 

56  23 

912  18 
10  .5  2 

446  27  8tm  (lOl  352  00 

Third  Prc.-byterian  “ “ 

133  63 

111  70 

215  -231  67  56 

261  62 
1 30  63 

1 31  23 

1 in  r.6 

First  Presb  Church,  Williamsburgh, 
llubuken  Presbyteiiati  Church, 

63  75 

72  01 

6:}  24l  70  OOj  50  00 

1 7 81]  35  26 

$5,327  64 

$7,704  9,5 

$6  123  72,  $4,215  82,  $.5,073  (3 

Sunilrr  donations  in  New-York  and  | ,,  con  o'j  oi-  u 

Brooklyn, f l *1-823  2.}  $1,91.  11 


$1,29S  39  $2,337  74  $1,737  33 


Total, 


$1S,U9  S2  $22,911  oil  $23,696  5S,  $21,532  44  $19,462  66 


JTulr. — Of  the  $22,911.51  reported  for  the  year  terminating  March  31,  1S53,  the  snm  of  $6850 
was  a special  contribution  for  the  debt  of  the  Board  in  1S52. 


3 


34 


LIST  OF  OFFICERS 

FOR  THE  YEAR  1856. 


I'RESIIIEXT. 

DAVID  HOADLET. 


ATCE-PKESIDEXTS. 

ANSON  O.  PHELPS,  WILLIAM  E.  DODGE, 

CHARLES  J.  STEDMAN,  OLIVER  E.  WOOD. 


CORKESPOXBIXO  SECRETARA'. 

Rev.  william  HOGARTH. 

RECORDIXG  SECRETARY. 

ALMON  M ERWIN. 

TREASl'RER. 

ALMON  III  E R W I N . 


DIRECTORS. 


Alien-street  Presbyterian  Church, 

Brick  “ " 

Broadway  Tabernacle,  “ 

Central  Presbyterian,  “ 

Church  of  the  Puritans,  “ 

Eastern  Conyregational  Church, 
Eleventh  Presbyterian  “ 

Fourteenth-st.  “ “ 

Fourth-avenue  “ “ 

Harlem  “ “ 

Ilouston-street  “ “ 

Mercer-street  “ *• 


Jonx  P.  Pball,  Joseph  W.  Lester. 

A.  L.  Ely,  C.  H.  Merry. 

W.  G.  West,  Israel  Mi.nor. 

....  AV.  P.  Cook,  James  W.  Duxning. 

JaS.  C.  AA'OODRUFF,  II.  0.  PiXNEO. 

....  Noah  T.  Swezey,  Lewis  Chichester. 
....  Alex.  McNey,  J.  H.  Bulen. 

....  Lucius  Hart,  J.  F.  Joy. 

Alfreo  Post,  IGiward  Chester. 

....  10.  Keitciium,  James  Riker,  Jr. 

....  S.  Dkrrickson,  David  Stevens. 

A\'.  AV.  Chester,  G.  Manning  Tracy, 

Riciin.  Bigelow. 


35 


Madison-square"  “ 

ManhattanviUe  “ “ 

North  “ “ 

Prothyterian  Church,  University  place, 
Seventh  Presbyterian  Church, 
Sixth-street  “ “ 

Spring-street  “ “ 

Thirteenth-st.  “ “ 

“ “ 

22d-st.  “ “ 

Bedford  Cong.  Church,  Brooklyn, 
Clinton-av.  “ 

Church  of  the  Pilgrims,  “ 

Elm-place  Cong.  Church,  “ 

First  Presb.  “ 

Plymouth  Cong.  “ “ 

Park  “ “ “ 

Second  Presb.  “ “ 

South  “ “ 

Cong.  “ “ 

JTij'rd  Presi).  “ “ 

Presb.  “ “ 

Trarre»-s(.  J/issiore  “ “ 

First  Presb.  Churcli,  WiUiamsburgh, 
First  Presb.  Church,  Hoboken, 


. . F.  Bull,  A.  0.  Van  Lennei>. 

. . K.  A.  Pearce. 

. . 0.  II.  Lee,  Jame.s  Reeve. 

. . W.  W'.  Sto.ve,  Henry  Bange. 

. . Charles  Merrill,  H.  B.  Littell. 

. . Francis  Duncan. 

. . John  Endicott,  ^^ustin  Requa. 

. . John  C.  Hines,  AV.  J.  Johnson,  M.D. 
. . Lewis  E.  Jackson,  A.  D.  F.  Randolph. 
. . Henry  D.  Crane,  GurdonBurciiard. 

. . D.  0.  Caulkins,  Edward  T.  Goodall. 
. . S.AiiL.  E.  AVarner,  Jas.  AA'.  Raynor. 

. . Sidney  S.  Sanderson,  S.  F.  Phelps. 

. . F.  AA'.  Burke,  Alfred  Smitiiers. 

. . Rufus  R.  Graves,  Isaac  N.  Judson, 
J.  AV.  Hayes. 

. . J.  T.  Howard,  Arthur  Xiciiols. 

. . Alfred  Smith. 

. . Charles  Clarke,  A.  B.  Baylis. 

. . David  A.  Holbrook,  John  Cattnach, 
A.  L.  A'an  Buren. 

. . Solomon  Freeman,  Mr.  Parsons. 

. . AA'.  A\'.  Hurlbut,  j.  C.  Halsey,  M.D. 
. . AA'.alter  S.  Griffith,  John  Milton 
Smith. 

. . Geo.  H.  AA'illiams,  X.  H.  Holt. 

. . Joseph  F.  Tuttle,  J.  AA'.  Buckley. 

. . A.  AA'.  Rose,  Joseph  Boynton. 


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